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泉州合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發布(bu)日期:2022-01-21 瀏覽次數:38597

目前我國生產泉州合成鎂鈣砂所(suo)(suo)使(shi)用的(de)原料有菱(ling)鎂(mei)石(shi)(shi)、白(bai)云(yun)石(shi)(shi)和(he)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)(shi)。所(suo)(suo)采用的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)為二步煅燒(shao)(shao)、入工(gong)(gong)(gong)合成工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。即先將菱(ling)鎂(mei)石(shi)(shi)、白(bai)云(yun)石(shi)(shi)和(he)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)(shi)在較(jiao)低的(de)溫(wen)度下輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao),生(sheng)產出輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化鎂(mei)、輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云(yun)石(shi)(shi)和(he)生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)。然(ran)后進(jin)行配(pei)料、磨細、混料、成型,最后經過(guo)高(gao)溫(wen)煅燒(shao)(shao),煅燒(shao)(shao)出不同牌號(hao)的(de)合成鎂(mei)鈣砂。具(ju)體的(de)煅燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)有半干法壓(ya)坯、隧道(dao)窯煅燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi);半干法壓(ya)球、焦(jiao)炭豎窯煅燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi);干法壓(ya)球、高(gao)溫(wen)燃油豎窯和(he)回轉(zhuan)窯煅燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。

泉州合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干法壓坯、隧道窯(yao)煅燒(shao)工(gong)藝該煅燒(shao)工(gong)藝

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干法(fa)壓球、焦(jiao)炭豎窯煅燒(shao)工藝(yi)

該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)生(sheng)產(chan)合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)鎂鈣(gai)砂(sha)是以輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)鎂為(wei)原料(liao)(liao)。將輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)鎂分(fen)別磨成(cheng)(cheng)細(xi)粉,計量后(hou)按比(bi)例加(jia)入(ru)輪碾機(ji)中(zhong)再加(jia)水混合(he),混好的(de)(de)合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)料(liao)(liao)在(zai)雙輥壓球(qiu)機(ji)上壓成(cheng)(cheng)料(liao)(liao)球(qiu),干燥后(hou)裝(zhuang)入(ru)以焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)或無煙煤為(wei)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)豎(shu)窯內煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)。裝(zhuang)料(liao)(liao)方(fang)式是焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)或無煙煤和(he)料(liao)(liao)球(qiu)分(fen)層裝(zhuang)入(ru)。我國遼寧省生(sheng)產(chan)合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)鎂鈣(gai)砂(sha)的(de)(de)企業中(zhong),大部(bu)(bu)分(fen)采(cai)用(yong)該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)。所用(yong)豎(shu)窯的(de)(de)規格一般為(wei)3m×16m。該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)簡單,產(chan)品成(cheng)(cheng)本低(di),但在(zai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)過程中(zhong)料(liao)(liao)球(qiu)和(he)焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)混在(zai)一起,焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)灰分(fen)有一部(bu)(bu)分(fen)混入(ru)到(dao)料(liao)(liao)球(qiu)中(zhong),增加(jia)了產(chan)品的(de)(de)雜質(zhi)含(han)量。

3、干法(fa)壓(ya)球、燃油(you)豎窯煅(duan)燒工藝

該(gai)煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝用(yong)于生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)高(gao)(gao)純度(du)合(he)成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣砂。將高(gao)(gao)純度(du)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂(mei)和輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石配料(liao)、混合(he)磨細(xi)后,直(zhi)接(jie)將干(gan)粉料(liao)送入(ru)高(gao)(gao)壓壓球機(ji)中干(gan)壓成(cheng)球,然后再送入(ru)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)燃(ran)(ran)油(you)豎窯(yao)內(nei)煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝的優勢是燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)油(you)噴入(ru)到料(liao)層內(nei),在料(liao)層內(nei)部燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)高(gao)(gao),可達到1800℃以上;燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)后不產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)灰分,對物料(liao)的純度(du)沒有影響。目前(qian),國(guo)內(nei)采用(yong)該(gai)煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)合(he)成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣砂的企業(ye),只(zhi)有南方一家(jia)公(gong)司。該(gai)公(gong)司燃(ran)(ran)油(you)豎窯(yao)的規格為(wei)φ1.75m×11.5m,窯(yao)的工(gong)作襯(chen)用(yong)高(gao)(gao)純度(du)堿性(xing)耐火制(zhi)品砌筑(zhu),厚度(du)為(wei)350mm。工(gong)作襯(chen)于窯(yao)體鋼殼之間用(yong)輕質保溫(wen)磚砌筑(zhu)。以重柴油(you)為(wei)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao),煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)>1800℃。設計(ji)4排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,上下(xia)布置(zhi),間距(ju)900mm。每(mei)排(pai)設計(ji)16支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,沿(yan)圓周均布。采用(yong)無冷(leng)卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,每(mei)支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴配一臺計(ji)量泵供油(you),一次空氣由羅茨風機(ji)供應。實際生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)中使用(yong)一排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴。連續裝(zhuang)窯(yao)和出(chu)窯(yao),全部自動化(hua)控制(zhi),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)能力。

4、干法壓(ya)球(qiu)、回(hui)轉窯煅燒工(gong)藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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