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桂林合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發(fa)布日期:2022-01-21 瀏(liu)覽次數:36066

目前我國生產桂林合成鎂鈣砂所(suo)使用(yong)的(de)(de)原料(liao)有菱(ling)鎂石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云(yun)(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。所(suo)采用(yong)的(de)(de)工(gong)藝為二步煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)、入(ru)工(gong)合成工(gong)藝。即先將菱(ling)鎂石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云(yun)(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在較低的(de)(de)溫(wen)度下輕(qing)(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao),生產出(chu)輕(qing)(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化鎂、輕(qing)(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白云(yun)(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)生石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰。然后進行(xing)配料(liao)、磨細、混料(liao)、成型,最后經過(guo)高溫(wen)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)出(chu)不同牌號的(de)(de)合成鎂鈣砂。具體的(de)(de)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝有半(ban)干(gan)(gan)法壓坯、隧道窯煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝;半(ban)干(gan)(gan)法壓球、焦炭豎窯煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝;干(gan)(gan)法壓球、高溫(wen)燃油豎窯和(he)(he)回轉窯煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝。

桂林合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干(gan)法壓坯(pi)、隧道窯煅燒工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)該煅燒工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干法(fa)壓球、焦炭豎(shu)窯煅燒工藝

該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)生產合成(cheng)(cheng)鎂鈣砂是以輕燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云(yun)石和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)鎂為原料(liao)(liao)。將輕燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云(yun)石和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)鎂分別磨(mo)成(cheng)(cheng)細(xi)粉,計量后按比例加(jia)入輪碾機(ji)中(zhong)再加(jia)水混(hun)(hun)合,混(hun)(hun)好(hao)的(de)合成(cheng)(cheng)料(liao)(liao)在(zai)雙輥壓球機(ji)上(shang)壓成(cheng)(cheng)料(liao)(liao)球,干燥后裝入以焦(jiao)(jiao)炭或無煙(yan)煤為燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)的(de)豎窯內煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)。裝料(liao)(liao)方式是焦(jiao)(jiao)炭或無煙(yan)煤和(he)料(liao)(liao)球分層裝入。我國遼寧(ning)省(sheng)生產合成(cheng)(cheng)鎂鈣砂的(de)企業中(zhong),大部分采用該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)。所(suo)用豎窯的(de)規格一(yi)般為3m×16m。該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)簡單,產品(pin)成(cheng)(cheng)本低(di),但在(zai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)過程中(zhong)料(liao)(liao)球和(he)焦(jiao)(jiao)炭混(hun)(hun)在(zai)一(yi)起(qi),焦(jiao)(jiao)炭燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)產生的(de)灰分有一(yi)部分混(hun)(hun)入到料(liao)(liao)球中(zhong),增加(jia)了產品(pin)的(de)雜質含量。

3、干法(fa)壓球、燃油豎窯煅燒工藝

該煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)用(yong)(yong)于生產(chan)高(gao)(gao)純度(du)(du)合(he)成鎂鈣砂。將(jiang)高(gao)(gao)純度(du)(du)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化鎂和(he)(he)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石配料、混合(he)磨細(xi)后,直接將(jiang)干粉料送(song)入高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)壓(ya)(ya)球機中(zhong)干壓(ya)(ya)成球,然后再送(song)入高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)燃(ran)油(you)豎窯內(nei)煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種(zhong)煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的優勢是燃(ran)料油(you)噴入到(dao)料層(ceng)內(nei),在料層(ceng)內(nei)部燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao),煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)(du)高(gao)(gao),可達到(dao)1800℃以上(shang);燃(ran)料燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)后不產(chan)生灰分(fen),對物(wu)料的純度(du)(du)沒有影響(xiang)。目前(qian),國內(nei)采用(yong)(yong)該煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)生產(chan)合(he)成鎂鈣砂的企業,只有南方一(yi)(yi)家(jia)公司。該公司燃(ran)油(you)豎窯的規格為φ1.75m×11.5m,窯的工(gong)(gong)作襯(chen)用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)純度(du)(du)堿性耐(nai)火(huo)制品砌筑,厚度(du)(du)為350mm。工(gong)(gong)作襯(chen)于窯體(ti)鋼殼(ke)之間用(yong)(yong)輕(qing)質(zhi)保溫(wen)磚砌筑。以重柴油(you)為燃(ran)料,煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)(du)>1800℃。設計(ji)4排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),上(shang)下布置(zhi),間距(ju)900mm。每排(pai)設計(ji)16支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),沿圓周均布。采用(yong)(yong)無冷卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),每支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)配一(yi)(yi)臺(tai)計(ji)量泵供油(you),一(yi)(yi)次空氣由羅茨風(feng)機供應。實際(ji)生產(chan)中(zhong)使用(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)。連續裝窯和(he)(he)出窯,全(quan)部自動(dong)化控制,生產(chan)能力。

4、干法壓球(qiu)、回轉窯煅燒(shao)工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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