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浦東合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發布日期:2022-01-21 瀏覽次數(shu):34766

目前我國生產浦東合成鎂鈣砂所使用(yong)的(de)原(yuan)料有(you)菱鎂(mei)(mei)石(shi)、白(bai)(bai)云石(shi)和(he)石(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)。所采用(yong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝為二步(bu)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)、入工(gong)(gong)(gong)合(he)成(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。即先將(jiang)菱鎂(mei)(mei)石(shi)、白(bai)(bai)云石(shi)和(he)石(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)在較(jiao)低的(de)溫(wen)度下輕燒(shao),生產(chan)出(chu)輕燒(shao)氧(yang)化(hua)鎂(mei)(mei)、輕燒(shao)白(bai)(bai)云石(shi)和(he)生石(shi)灰(hui)。然(ran)后進行配料、磨(mo)細、混料、成(cheng)型,最后經(jing)過高溫(wen)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao),煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)出(chu)不同牌號的(de)合(he)成(cheng)鎂(mei)(mei)鈣砂。具體的(de)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝有(you)半干法壓坯、隧道窯煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝;半干法壓球、焦炭(tan)豎窯煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝;干法壓球、高溫(wen)燃油豎窯和(he)回(hui)轉窯煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。

浦東合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半(ban)干法壓(ya)坯、隧道窯煅燒工藝該煅燒工藝

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干法壓球、焦炭豎窯煅燒工藝

該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)合成(cheng)鎂(mei)(mei)鈣砂是以輕(qing)燒(shao)白(bai)云石(shi)(shi)和(he)輕(qing)燒(shao)氧(yang)化(hua)鎂(mei)(mei)為原料(liao)。將輕(qing)燒(shao)白(bai)云石(shi)(shi)和(he)輕(qing)燒(shao)氧(yang)化(hua)鎂(mei)(mei)分(fen)別磨成(cheng)細(xi)粉,計量后(hou)按(an)比例加入(ru)輪碾(nian)機中再加水混(hun)合,混(hun)好的(de)(de)合成(cheng)料(liao)在(zai)雙輥(gun)壓(ya)球(qiu)機上壓(ya)成(cheng)料(liao)球(qiu),干(gan)燥后(hou)裝(zhuang)入(ru)以焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)或無煙(yan)煤為燃料(liao)的(de)(de)豎(shu)窯(yao)內煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)。裝(zhuang)料(liao)方式是焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)或無煙(yan)煤和(he)料(liao)球(qiu)分(fen)層裝(zhuang)入(ru)。我國遼寧(ning)省生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)合成(cheng)鎂(mei)(mei)鈣砂的(de)(de)企業中,大(da)部分(fen)采(cai)用該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)。所用豎(shu)窯(yao)的(de)(de)規格一(yi)般為3m×16m。該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)簡單,產(chan)(chan)(chan)品成(cheng)本低,但(dan)在(zai)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)過(guo)程中料(liao)球(qiu)和(he)焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)混(hun)在(zai)一(yi)起,焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)燃燒(shao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)灰(hui)分(fen)有一(yi)部分(fen)混(hun)入(ru)到料(liao)球(qiu)中,增加了產(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)雜質含(han)量。

3、干法壓球、燃油豎窯煅燒工藝

該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)用(yong)(yong)于生產高(gao)純(chun)度(du)合成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣(gai)砂。將高(gao)純(chun)度(du)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂(mei)和輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石配(pei)料、混合磨(mo)細后,直接(jie)將干(gan)粉(fen)料送入(ru)高(gao)壓壓球(qiu)機(ji)中干(gan)壓成(cheng)球(qiu),然后再送入(ru)高(gao)溫燃油(you)豎窯(yao)(yao)內(nei)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的優(you)勢是燃料油(you)噴入(ru)到料層內(nei),在(zai)料層內(nei)部燃燒(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫度(du)高(gao),可達到1800℃以上;燃料燃燒(shao)(shao)(shao)后不產生灰分,對物(wu)料的純(chun)度(du)沒有影(ying)響。目前(qian),國(guo)內(nei)采用(yong)(yong)該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)生產合成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣(gai)砂的企業,只有南方一(yi)(yi)(yi)家(jia)公(gong)司。該公(gong)司燃油(you)豎窯(yao)(yao)的規格(ge)為φ1.75m×11.5m,窯(yao)(yao)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)作襯用(yong)(yong)高(gao)純(chun)度(du)堿性耐火制品砌筑,厚度(du)為350mm。工(gong)(gong)(gong)作襯于窯(yao)(yao)體(ti)鋼殼之間(jian)用(yong)(yong)輕(qing)質保溫磚砌筑。以重(zhong)柴油(you)為燃料,煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫度(du)>1800℃。設(she)計(ji)4排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),上下(xia)布(bu)置,間(jian)距900mm。每(mei)排設(she)計(ji)16支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),沿圓周(zhou)均布(bu)。采用(yong)(yong)無冷卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),每(mei)支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)配(pei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)臺計(ji)量泵供(gong)(gong)油(you),一(yi)(yi)(yi)次空(kong)氣(qi)由羅(luo)茨風機(ji)供(gong)(gong)應。實(shi)際生產中使用(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)。連續裝窯(yao)(yao)和出窯(yao)(yao),全部自動(dong)化(hua)控(kong)制,生產能力。

4、干法壓球、回(hui)轉窯(yao)煅燒工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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