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上海合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發布日期:2022-01-21 瀏覽次數:34747

目前我國生產上海合成鎂鈣砂所使用(yong)的原(yuan)料有菱鎂(mei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。所采用(yong)的工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)為二步煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)、入工(gong)合成工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。即(ji)先將(jiang)菱鎂(mei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在較低(di)的溫度下輕燒(shao)(shao),生產出輕燒(shao)(shao)氧化鎂(mei)、輕燒(shao)(shao)白云石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和生石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰。然(ran)后進行配料、磨(mo)細、混料、成型(xing),最后經過高(gao)溫煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)出不同牌號的合成鎂(mei)鈣砂。具(ju)體的煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)有半干(gan)法壓(ya)(ya)坯、隧道窯煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi);半干(gan)法壓(ya)(ya)球、焦(jiao)炭豎(shu)(shu)窯煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi);干(gan)法壓(ya)(ya)球、高(gao)溫燃油豎(shu)(shu)窯和回轉窯煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。

上海合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干(gan)法(fa)壓坯、隧(sui)道窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干法壓球、焦炭豎窯煅燒(shao)工(gong)藝

該(gai)(gai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)生(sheng)產(chan)合成(cheng)(cheng)鎂鈣(gai)砂(sha)是(shi)以輕燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云石(shi)和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化(hua)鎂為(wei)原料(liao)(liao)(liao)。將(jiang)輕燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云石(shi)和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化(hua)鎂分(fen)別磨成(cheng)(cheng)細粉(fen),計量后(hou)按比例加(jia)入(ru)輪(lun)碾機(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)再加(jia)水混(hun)合,混(hun)好的合成(cheng)(cheng)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在(zai)雙(shuang)輥壓球機(ji)上壓成(cheng)(cheng)料(liao)(liao)(liao)球,干(gan)燥后(hou)裝入(ru)以焦炭(tan)或無煙煤為(wei)燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)的豎窯內煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)。裝料(liao)(liao)(liao)方(fang)式是(shi)焦炭(tan)或無煙煤和(he)料(liao)(liao)(liao)球分(fen)層裝入(ru)。我國遼寧省(sheng)生(sheng)產(chan)合成(cheng)(cheng)鎂鈣(gai)砂(sha)的企業中(zhong)(zhong),大部分(fen)采用(yong)該(gai)(gai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)。所(suo)用(yong)豎窯的規格一(yi)(yi)般為(wei)3m×16m。該(gai)(gai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)簡單,產(chan)品成(cheng)(cheng)本低,但在(zai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)過程中(zhong)(zhong)料(liao)(liao)(liao)球和(he)焦炭(tan)混(hun)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)起,焦炭(tan)燃燒(shao)(shao)產(chan)生(sheng)的灰分(fen)有一(yi)(yi)部分(fen)混(hun)入(ru)到(dao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)球中(zhong)(zhong),增加(jia)了(le)產(chan)品的雜(za)質含量。

3、干(gan)法壓球、燃油豎窯(yao)煅燒工藝(yi)

該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)生(sheng)產(chan)高(gao)(gao)純度(du)合成鎂鈣砂(sha)。將高(gao)(gao)純度(du)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化鎂和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白(bai)云石配(pei)料(liao)(liao)、混合磨細后,直接將干(gan)(gan)粉料(liao)(liao)送(song)入(ru)(ru)高(gao)(gao)壓壓球(qiu)(qiu)機中(zhong)干(gan)(gan)壓成球(qiu)(qiu),然后再(zai)送(song)入(ru)(ru)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)油(you)(you)(you)豎窯(yao)(yao)內煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)。這(zhe)種煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)優勢(shi)是燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)油(you)(you)(you)噴(pen)入(ru)(ru)到(dao)料(liao)(liao)層(ceng)內,在料(liao)(liao)層(ceng)內部(bu)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)高(gao)(gao),可(ke)達到(dao)1800℃以(yi)上;燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)后不產(chan)生(sheng)灰分,對物(wu)料(liao)(liao)的(de)純度(du)沒有(you)影響(xiang)。目前,國內采用(yong)(yong)(yong)該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)生(sheng)產(chan)合成鎂鈣砂(sha)的(de)企(qi)業,只有(you)南(nan)方一(yi)家(jia)公司(si)。該公司(si)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)油(you)(you)(you)豎窯(yao)(yao)的(de)規格為φ1.75m×11.5m,窯(yao)(yao)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)襯用(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)純度(du)堿性(xing)耐火制品砌筑,厚度(du)為350mm。工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)襯于(yu)窯(yao)(yao)體鋼殼之間用(yong)(yong)(yong)輕質保溫(wen)(wen)磚(zhuan)砌筑。以(yi)重柴油(you)(you)(you)為燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)>1800℃。設(she)(she)計(ji)4排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,上下(xia)布置,間距900mm。每排設(she)(she)計(ji)16支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,沿圓周均(jun)布。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)無冷卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,每支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴配(pei)一(yi)臺計(ji)量泵供油(you)(you)(you),一(yi)次空氣由羅茨風機供應。實際生(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴。連續裝窯(yao)(yao)和(he)出窯(yao)(yao),全部(bu)自動化控制,生(sheng)產(chan)能力。

4、干法壓(ya)球、回轉窯煅(duan)燒(shao)工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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