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紹興合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發布日期(qi):2022-01-21 瀏覽次數:34830

目前我國生產紹興合成鎂鈣砂所使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)原料(liao)(liao)有菱鎂(mei)石(shi)、白云(yun)石(shi)和(he)石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)石(shi)。所采用的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)為二步煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)、入工(gong)(gong)(gong)合成(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。即先將(jiang)菱鎂(mei)石(shi)、白云(yun)石(shi)和(he)石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)石(shi)在較低的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)下輕(qing)燒(shao),生(sheng)(sheng)產出輕(qing)燒(shao)氧化鎂(mei)、輕(qing)燒(shao)白云(yun)石(shi)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)。然后進行配料(liao)(liao)、磨(mo)細、混料(liao)(liao)、成(cheng)型,最后經過高溫煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao),煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)出不同(tong)牌號的(de)(de)(de)(de)合成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣砂(sha)。具體的(de)(de)(de)(de)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)有半(ban)干(gan)法(fa)壓坯、隧道窯(yao)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi);半(ban)干(gan)法(fa)壓球、焦炭豎(shu)窯(yao)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi);干(gan)法(fa)壓球、高溫燃油豎(shu)窯(yao)和(he)回(hui)轉窯(yao)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。

紹興合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干法(fa)壓(ya)坯、隧道窯煅(duan)燒工藝(yi)該(gai)煅(duan)燒工藝(yi)

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干法(fa)壓(ya)球、焦(jiao)炭豎窯(yao)煅燒工藝

該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)燒工藝(yi)生產(chan)合(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣(gai)砂(sha)是(shi)以(yi)輕(qing)燒白云(yun)石和(he)(he)輕(qing)燒氧化鎂(mei)為原料。將輕(qing)燒白云(yun)石和(he)(he)輕(qing)燒氧化鎂(mei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別磨成(cheng)(cheng)細粉,計量后按比例加入(ru)輪碾機中(zhong)(zhong)再加水混(hun)合(he)(he),混(hun)好的(de)合(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)料在(zai)(zai)雙輥(gun)壓(ya)球(qiu)機上(shang)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)料球(qiu),干燥后裝入(ru)以(yi)焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)或無煙煤為燃(ran)料的(de)豎窯內煅(duan)(duan)燒。裝料方式是(shi)焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)或無煙煤和(he)(he)料球(qiu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)層裝入(ru)。我國遼寧(ning)省生產(chan)合(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣(gai)砂(sha)的(de)企業中(zhong)(zhong),大部分(fen)(fen)(fen)采用(yong)該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)燒工藝(yi)。所(suo)用(yong)豎窯的(de)規格一般為3m×16m。該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)燒工藝(yi)簡單,產(chan)品(pin)成(cheng)(cheng)本低,但在(zai)(zai)煅(duan)(duan)燒過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)料球(qiu)和(he)(he)焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)混(hun)在(zai)(zai)一起,焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)燃(ran)燒產(chan)生的(de)灰分(fen)(fen)(fen)有(you)一部分(fen)(fen)(fen)混(hun)入(ru)到料球(qiu)中(zhong)(zhong),增加了產(chan)品(pin)的(de)雜質含(han)量。

3、干法壓球、燃油豎窯煅(duan)燒(shao)工藝

該(gai)(gai)煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝用(yong)(yong)(yong)于生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)高(gao)純(chun)度(du)(du)(du)(du)合成鎂鈣(gai)砂。將高(gao)純(chun)度(du)(du)(du)(du)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化鎂和(he)(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白(bai)云(yun)石(shi)配料(liao)(liao)、混合磨細后(hou),直接將干粉料(liao)(liao)送入(ru)(ru)高(gao)壓壓球機(ji)中(zhong)干壓成球,然后(hou)再(zai)送入(ru)(ru)高(gao)溫燃油豎(shu)窯(yao)內(nei)(nei)煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝的(de)(de)(de)優勢是(shi)燃料(liao)(liao)油噴入(ru)(ru)到料(liao)(liao)層內(nei)(nei),在料(liao)(liao)層內(nei)(nei)部燃燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)高(gao),可(ke)達到1800℃以上;燃料(liao)(liao)燃燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)后(hou)不產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)灰(hui)分,對物料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)純(chun)度(du)(du)(du)(du)沒有影(ying)響。目前,國內(nei)(nei)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)該(gai)(gai)煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)合成鎂鈣(gai)砂的(de)(de)(de)企業,只有南方(fang)一家公司。該(gai)(gai)公司燃油豎(shu)窯(yao)的(de)(de)(de)規格為(wei)φ1.75m×11.5m,窯(yao)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作襯用(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)純(chun)度(du)(du)(du)(du)堿(jian)性耐火制品砌筑,厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)350mm。工(gong)作襯于窯(yao)體(ti)鋼殼之(zhi)間用(yong)(yong)(yong)輕質保溫磚(zhuan)砌筑。以重柴油為(wei)燃料(liao)(liao),煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)>1800℃。設計4排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui),上下布置,間距900mm。每(mei)排設計16支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui),沿圓周均布。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)無冷卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui),每(mei)支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui)配一臺計量泵供(gong)油,一次空(kong)氣由羅茨風機(ji)供(gong)應。實際生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)一排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui)。連續裝(zhuang)窯(yao)和(he)(he)出窯(yao),全部自動化控(kong)制,生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)力。

4、干法壓球、回轉(zhuan)窯煅燒工藝(yi)

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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