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溫州合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發(fa)布日期:2022-01-21 瀏覽次數:34829

目前我國生產溫州合成鎂鈣砂所(suo)使用的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)料(liao)有(you)菱鎂石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。所(suo)采(cai)用的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)為(wei)二(er)步煅燒、入工(gong)(gong)(gong)合成工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。即先將菱鎂石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在較(jiao)低的(de)(de)(de)溫度下(xia)輕燒,生(sheng)產出(chu)輕燒氧化鎂、輕燒白云石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰。然后進行配料(liao)、磨細、混料(liao)、成型,最后經過(guo)高(gao)溫煅燒,煅燒出(chu)不(bu)同牌號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)合成鎂鈣砂(sha)。具體的(de)(de)(de)煅燒工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)有(you)半干(gan)法壓坯、隧道(dao)窯(yao)煅燒工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi);半干(gan)法壓球、焦炭豎(shu)窯(yao)煅燒工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi);干(gan)法壓球、高(gao)溫燃油豎(shu)窯(yao)和(he)(he)回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯(yao)煅燒工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。

溫州合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干法(fa)壓(ya)坯、隧(sui)道窯(yao)煅(duan)燒工藝(yi)該煅(duan)燒工藝(yi)

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半(ban)干法(fa)壓球、焦炭豎窯煅(duan)燒工藝(yi)

該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)燒工(gong)藝(yi)生產合(he)成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣砂(sha)是(shi)(shi)以輕燒白(bai)云石(shi)和(he)輕燒氧(yang)化(hua)鎂(mei)為(wei)(wei)原(yuan)料(liao)。將輕燒白(bai)云石(shi)和(he)輕燒氧(yang)化(hua)鎂(mei)分別磨成(cheng)細粉(fen),計量后按比例加入(ru)輪碾機中(zhong)(zhong)再加水混合(he),混好(hao)的(de)合(he)成(cheng)料(liao)在雙輥(gun)壓(ya)球(qiu)(qiu)機上壓(ya)成(cheng)料(liao)球(qiu)(qiu),干燥后裝入(ru)以焦炭(tan)或無煙(yan)煤為(wei)(wei)燃料(liao)的(de)豎窯內煅(duan)(duan)燒。裝料(liao)方式是(shi)(shi)焦炭(tan)或無煙(yan)煤和(he)料(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)分層裝入(ru)。我國遼寧省生產合(he)成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣砂(sha)的(de)企業中(zhong)(zhong),大部(bu)(bu)分采用該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)燒工(gong)藝(yi)。所用豎窯的(de)規(gui)格(ge)一般為(wei)(wei)3m×16m。該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)燒工(gong)藝(yi)簡單,產品成(cheng)本低(di),但在煅(duan)(duan)燒過程中(zhong)(zhong)料(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)和(he)焦炭(tan)混在一起,焦炭(tan)燃燒產生的(de)灰分有一部(bu)(bu)分混入(ru)到料(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)中(zhong)(zhong),增加了產品的(de)雜質含量。

3、干法壓球、燃油豎窯煅(duan)燒工(gong)藝

該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)用(yong)于生產高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)純(chun)(chun)度合成(cheng)鎂鈣砂。將高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)純(chun)(chun)度輕(qing)(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂和輕(qing)(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白云(yun)石配料(liao)(liao)、混(hun)合磨細后,直接將干(gan)粉料(liao)(liao)送入(ru)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)壓(ya)球(qiu)機中(zhong)干(gan)壓(ya)成(cheng)球(qiu),然后再送入(ru)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)油豎(shu)窯(yao)內煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)的優勢是燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)油噴入(ru)到(dao)(dao)料(liao)(liao)層內,在(zai)料(liao)(liao)層內部(bu)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),可達(da)到(dao)(dao)1800℃以上(shang);燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)后不產生灰(hui)分,對(dui)物(wu)料(liao)(liao)的純(chun)(chun)度沒(mei)有影響(xiang)。目前,國(guo)內采(cai)用(yong)該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)生產合成(cheng)鎂鈣砂的企業,只有南方一(yi)家公(gong)司。該公(gong)司燃(ran)(ran)(ran)油豎(shu)窯(yao)的規格(ge)為(wei)φ1.75m×11.5m,窯(yao)的工(gong)作襯用(yong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)純(chun)(chun)度堿(jian)性耐火制(zhi)品砌筑,厚度為(wei)350mm。工(gong)作襯于窯(yao)體鋼殼之(zhi)間(jian)用(yong)輕(qing)(qing)質保溫(wen)磚(zhuan)砌筑。以重柴油為(wei)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度>1800℃。設計(ji)4排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),上(shang)下布(bu)置,間(jian)距(ju)900mm。每排(pai)設計(ji)16支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),沿(yan)圓周均布(bu)。采(cai)用(yong)無(wu)冷卻(que)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),每支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)配一(yi)臺計(ji)量泵供油,一(yi)次空氣(qi)由羅茨風機供應。實際生產中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)一(yi)排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)。連續裝窯(yao)和出窯(yao),全部(bu)自(zi)動化(hua)控制(zhi),生產能力(li)。

4、干法壓(ya)球、回轉窯煅燒工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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