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滄州合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發布日(ri)期(qi):2022-01-21 瀏(liu)覽次(ci)數:34675

目前我國生產滄州合成鎂鈣砂所使用(yong)(yong)的(de)原料有(you)菱鎂石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白(bai)云(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。所采用(yong)(yong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)為二步煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)、入工(gong)(gong)合(he)成(cheng)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。即(ji)先(xian)將菱鎂石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白(bai)云(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)較低的(de)溫度下輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),生產出輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂、輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白(bai)云(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)生石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰。然后進行配料、磨細、混料、成(cheng)型,最(zui)后經過(guo)高溫煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)出不同牌號的(de)合(he)成(cheng)鎂鈣砂(sha)。具體的(de)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)有(you)半干法壓(ya)坯(pi)、隧道窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi);半干法壓(ya)球、焦炭豎窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi);干法壓(ya)球、高溫燃油豎窯(yao)和(he)回轉窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。

滄州合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干(gan)法壓坯(pi)、隧(sui)道(dao)窯煅燒工藝(yi)該煅燒工藝(yi)

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干(gan)法(fa)壓(ya)球、焦(jiao)炭豎窯煅燒(shao)工藝

該煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)生產(chan)(chan)合(he)成鎂鈣(gai)砂是以(yi)輕燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云石和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂為(wei)原料(liao)(liao)。將輕燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云石和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂分別磨成細粉(fen),計量(liang)后(hou)按比例加(jia)入(ru)(ru)輪碾機中再(zai)加(jia)水混(hun)合(he),混(hun)好的合(he)成料(liao)(liao)在雙(shuang)輥壓(ya)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)機上壓(ya)成料(liao)(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu),干(gan)燥后(hou)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)入(ru)(ru)以(yi)焦(jiao)炭或(huo)無(wu)煙煤(mei)為(wei)燃料(liao)(liao)的豎窯(yao)內(nei)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)。裝(zhuang)(zhuang)料(liao)(liao)方式(shi)是焦(jiao)炭或(huo)無(wu)煙煤(mei)和(he)料(liao)(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)分層裝(zhuang)(zhuang)入(ru)(ru)。我國遼(liao)寧省(sheng)生產(chan)(chan)合(he)成鎂鈣(gai)砂的企(qi)業中,大部分采用該煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)。所用豎窯(yao)的規格一般為(wei)3m×16m。該煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)簡單(dan),產(chan)(chan)品(pin)成本低,但在煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)過程中料(liao)(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)和(he)焦(jiao)炭混(hun)在一起,焦(jiao)炭燃燒(shao)(shao)產(chan)(chan)生的灰分有一部分混(hun)入(ru)(ru)到料(liao)(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)中,增加(jia)了產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的雜質含量(liang)。

3、干法壓球、燃油豎窯煅(duan)燒(shao)工藝

該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝用(yong)(yong)(yong)于生(sheng)產(chan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)純度(du)合(he)(he)成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣(gai)(gai)砂。將高(gao)(gao)(gao)純度(du)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化鎂(mei)和(he)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石配料(liao)(liao)、混(hun)合(he)(he)磨細(xi)后(hou),直接將干(gan)粉料(liao)(liao)送(song)入高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓壓球(qiu)機中干(gan)壓成(cheng)球(qiu),然后(hou)再送(song)入高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)燃(ran)(ran)油(you)豎窯(yao)內煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)優勢是燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)油(you)噴入到(dao)料(liao)(liao)層內,在料(liao)(liao)層內部(bu)燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao),可達到(dao)1800℃以上(shang);燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)后(hou)不產(chan)生(sheng)灰分,對(dui)物料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)純度(du)沒有(you)影響。目前,國內采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝生(sheng)產(chan)合(he)(he)成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣(gai)(gai)砂的(de)(de)企業,只有(you)南方(fang)一(yi)家公司。該(gai)公司燃(ran)(ran)油(you)豎窯(yao)的(de)(de)規格為φ1.75m×11.5m,窯(yao)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作襯用(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)純度(du)堿(jian)性耐火制(zhi)品(pin)砌筑(zhu),厚(hou)度(du)為350mm。工(gong)(gong)作襯于窯(yao)體鋼殼之間用(yong)(yong)(yong)輕(qing)質(zhi)保溫(wen)磚砌筑(zhu)。以重柴油(you)為燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao),煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)>1800℃。設計(ji)4排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),上(shang)下布置,間距900mm。每排(pai)設計(ji)16支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),沿圓周均布。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)無冷卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),每支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)配一(yi)臺(tai)計(ji)量泵供油(you),一(yi)次空氣由羅(luo)茨風機供應。實際(ji)生(sheng)產(chan)中使用(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)。連續裝窯(yao)和(he)出(chu)窯(yao),全部(bu)自(zi)動化控(kong)制(zhi),生(sheng)產(chan)能力。

4、干法壓球、回(hui)轉窯煅燒工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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