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石家莊合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發(fa)布日期(qi):2022-01-21 瀏覽次(ci)數:34669

目前我國生產石家莊合成鎂鈣砂所使(shi)用的原料(liao)有菱鎂(mei)(mei)石(shi)、白云石(shi)和石(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)。所采(cai)用的工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)為二步煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)、入工(gong)(gong)合成工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。即先將菱鎂(mei)(mei)石(shi)、白云石(shi)和石(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)在較低(di)的溫(wen)度下(xia)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao),生產出輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧化鎂(mei)(mei)、輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白云石(shi)和生石(shi)灰(hui)。然后進(jin)行配料(liao)、磨(mo)細、混料(liao)、成型,最后經過高溫(wen)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)出不同牌(pai)號的合成鎂(mei)(mei)鈣(gai)砂。具(ju)體的煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)有半干法壓坯、隧道窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi);半干法壓球(qiu)、焦炭(tan)豎窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi);干法壓球(qiu)、高溫(wen)燃油豎窯(yao)和回轉(zhuan)窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。

石家莊合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干法壓坯、隧道(dao)窯煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)藝該煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)藝

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干(gan)法壓(ya)球、焦炭豎窯煅燒工藝

該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)生產合成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣(gai)砂是以(yi)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云(yun)石和(he)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化鎂(mei)為(wei)原料。將(jiang)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云(yun)石和(he)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化鎂(mei)分(fen)別磨成(cheng)細粉,計量(liang)后按比例(li)加入(ru)(ru)輪碾(nian)機中(zhong)再加水混合,混好的(de)合成(cheng)料在(zai)雙輥壓球機上(shang)壓成(cheng)料球,干燥后裝(zhuang)入(ru)(ru)以(yi)焦(jiao)(jiao)炭(tan)或(huo)無(wu)煙煤為(wei)燃料的(de)豎窯內(nei)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)。裝(zhuang)料方式是焦(jiao)(jiao)炭(tan)或(huo)無(wu)煙煤和(he)料球分(fen)層裝(zhuang)入(ru)(ru)。我國遼寧(ning)省(sheng)生產合成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣(gai)砂的(de)企(qi)業中(zhong),大部分(fen)采用該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。所用豎窯的(de)規格一(yi)般為(wei)3m×16m。該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)簡單(dan),產品成(cheng)本低,但(dan)在(zai)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)過程(cheng)中(zhong)料球和(he)焦(jiao)(jiao)炭(tan)混在(zai)一(yi)起,焦(jiao)(jiao)炭(tan)燃燒(shao)(shao)產生的(de)灰分(fen)有(you)一(yi)部分(fen)混入(ru)(ru)到(dao)料球中(zhong),增加了(le)產品的(de)雜質含量(liang)。

3、干法壓球(qiu)、燃油(you)豎(shu)窯煅(duan)燒(shao)工藝

該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)生(sheng)產(chan)高純度(du)(du)(du)合成鎂(mei)鈣(gai)砂(sha)。將高純度(du)(du)(du)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化(hua)鎂(mei)和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石(shi)配(pei)(pei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)、混(hun)合磨(mo)細(xi)后(hou),直接將干(gan)(gan)粉料(liao)(liao)(liao)送入高壓(ya)(ya)壓(ya)(ya)球機中干(gan)(gan)壓(ya)(ya)成球,然后(hou)再送入高溫(wen)燃(ran)油(you)(you)(you)豎窯內煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)的(de)優勢是燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)油(you)(you)(you)噴入到(dao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)層內,在料(liao)(liao)(liao)層內部燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)高,可達(da)到(dao)1800℃以(yi)上(shang);燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)后(hou)不產(chan)生(sheng)灰(hui)分,對物料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)純度(du)(du)(du)沒有影響。目(mu)前,國內采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)生(sheng)產(chan)合成鎂(mei)鈣(gai)砂(sha)的(de)企業,只(zhi)有南(nan)方一(yi)家公司。該公司燃(ran)油(you)(you)(you)豎窯的(de)規格為φ1.75m×11.5m,窯的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)襯(chen)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高純度(du)(du)(du)堿性耐(nai)火(huo)制(zhi)品砌(qi)筑,厚度(du)(du)(du)為350mm。工(gong)作(zuo)襯(chen)于(yu)(yu)窯體鋼(gang)殼(ke)之間用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)輕質保溫(wen)磚砌(qi)筑。以(yi)重(zhong)柴油(you)(you)(you)為燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)>1800℃。設(she)計4排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),上(shang)下(xia)布(bu)置,間距900mm。每(mei)排(pai)設(she)計16支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),沿圓周均布(bu)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無冷卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),每(mei)支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)配(pei)(pei)一(yi)臺計量泵供(gong)油(you)(you)(you),一(yi)次(ci)空氣由羅茨風機供(gong)應。實際生(sheng)產(chan)中使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)。連續裝窯和(he)出窯,全部自動化(hua)控制(zhi),生(sheng)產(chan)能力。

4、干法壓球、回轉窯煅燒工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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