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秦皇島合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發(fa)布日期:2022-01-21 瀏覽次(ci)數:34671

目前我國生產秦皇島合成鎂鈣砂所(suo)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)原料有(you)菱鎂石(shi)(shi)、白云石(shi)(shi)和(he)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)(shi)。所(suo)采用(yong)(yong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)為(wei)二(er)步煅(duan)燒(shao)、入工(gong)(gong)(gong)合(he)成工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。即先(xian)將菱鎂石(shi)(shi)、白云石(shi)(shi)和(he)石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)(shi)在較低的(de)溫度(du)下輕燒(shao),生產出輕燒(shao)氧化鎂、輕燒(shao)白云石(shi)(shi)和(he)生石(shi)(shi)灰(hui)。然后進行配料、磨細、混料、成型,最后經過高(gao)溫煅(duan)燒(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)出不同牌號的(de)合(he)成鎂鈣(gai)砂。具體的(de)煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)有(you)半干(gan)法(fa)壓(ya)坯、隧道窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi);半干(gan)法(fa)壓(ya)球、焦炭豎窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi);干(gan)法(fa)壓(ya)球、高(gao)溫燃油豎窯(yao)(yao)和(he)回轉窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。

秦皇島合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干法壓坯(pi)、隧(sui)道窯(yao)煅燒工(gong)藝(yi)該煅燒工(gong)藝(yi)

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干法壓球、焦炭豎窯(yao)煅燒工(gong)藝(yi)

該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工藝生(sheng)產合成(cheng)(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣(gai)(gai)砂是(shi)以輕(qing)(qing)(qing)燒(shao)白云(yun)石(shi)和輕(qing)(qing)(qing)燒(shao)氧化鎂(mei)為(wei)原料。將輕(qing)(qing)(qing)燒(shao)白云(yun)石(shi)和輕(qing)(qing)(qing)燒(shao)氧化鎂(mei)分別磨成(cheng)(cheng)細粉,計量后(hou)按比例加(jia)入輪碾機(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)再(zai)加(jia)水混(hun)合,混(hun)好的合成(cheng)(cheng)料在(zai)雙輥壓(ya)球(qiu)機(ji)上(shang)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)料球(qiu),干燥后(hou)裝入以焦(jiao)(jiao)炭或無煙(yan)煤為(wei)燃料的豎(shu)窯內(nei)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)。裝料方(fang)式是(shi)焦(jiao)(jiao)炭或無煙(yan)煤和料球(qiu)分層(ceng)裝入。我國遼寧省(sheng)生(sheng)產合成(cheng)(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣(gai)(gai)砂的企(qi)業(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),大部分采用該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工藝。所用豎(shu)窯的規格一般為(wei)3m×16m。該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)工藝簡單,產品成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)低,但在(zai)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)料球(qiu)和焦(jiao)(jiao)炭混(hun)在(zai)一起,焦(jiao)(jiao)炭燃燒(shao)產生(sheng)的灰(hui)分有一部分混(hun)入到料球(qiu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),增(zeng)加(jia)了產品的雜質含量。

3、干法壓(ya)球、燃油豎窯煅燒工藝(yi)

該(gai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝用(yong)于生(sheng)(sheng)產高(gao)純(chun)度合成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣砂。將高(gao)純(chun)度輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化(hua)鎂(mei)和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石配料(liao)、混合磨細后(hou),直(zhi)接將干(gan)(gan)粉料(liao)送入(ru)高(gao)壓(ya)壓(ya)球機中干(gan)(gan)壓(ya)成(cheng)球,然后(hou)再送入(ru)高(gao)溫燃(ran)(ran)油(you)(you)豎(shu)窯內(nei)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝的優勢是(shi)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)油(you)(you)噴入(ru)到(dao)料(liao)層內(nei),在料(liao)層內(nei)部燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫度高(gao),可達到(dao)1800℃以上;燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)后(hou)不產生(sheng)(sheng)灰分,對物料(liao)的純(chun)度沒有影響。目前,國內(nei)采(cai)用(yong)該(gai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝生(sheng)(sheng)產合成(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣砂的企業,只有南方(fang)一家公司(si)。該(gai)公司(si)燃(ran)(ran)油(you)(you)豎(shu)窯的規(gui)格為(wei)φ1.75m×11.5m,窯的工(gong)作襯用(yong)高(gao)純(chun)度堿性耐(nai)火制品砌筑(zhu),厚度為(wei)350mm。工(gong)作襯于窯體鋼殼之間(jian)用(yong)輕質保溫磚砌筑(zhu)。以重柴(chai)油(you)(you)為(wei)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫度>1800℃。設計(ji)4排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,上下(xia)布置,間(jian)距900mm。每(mei)(mei)排(pai)設計(ji)16支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,沿圓周均布。采(cai)用(yong)無(wu)冷卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,每(mei)(mei)支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴配一臺計(ji)量泵供(gong)油(you)(you),一次空氣由羅茨風機供(gong)應。實際生(sheng)(sheng)產中使用(yong)一排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴。連續裝(zhuang)窯和(he)出窯,全(quan)部自(zi)動化(hua)控制,生(sheng)(sheng)產能(neng)力。

4、干法壓(ya)球(qiu)、回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯煅燒(shao)工(gong)藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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