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錦州合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發(fa)布日期:2022-01-21 瀏(liu)覽次數:34687

目前我國生產錦州合成鎂鈣砂所(suo)使用(yong)的原(yuan)料(liao)有菱鎂(mei)(mei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。所(suo)采用(yong)的工(gong)藝為二(er)步煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)、入(ru)工(gong)合成(cheng)工(gong)藝。即先將菱鎂(mei)(mei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在較低(di)的溫度下(xia)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao),生(sheng)產出輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化鎂(mei)(mei)、輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白云(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰。然(ran)后進行配料(liao)、磨細、混料(liao)、成(cheng)型,最后經(jing)過高溫煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)出不同牌號的合成(cheng)鎂(mei)(mei)鈣砂。具(ju)體的煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝有半(ban)(ban)干(gan)(gan)法壓(ya)坯、隧(sui)道窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝;半(ban)(ban)干(gan)(gan)法壓(ya)球、焦炭(tan)豎窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝;干(gan)(gan)法壓(ya)球、高溫燃油豎窯(yao)(yao)和回(hui)轉窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝。

錦州合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干法壓坯、隧(sui)道窯煅(duan)燒(shao)工藝該煅(duan)燒(shao)工藝

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干(gan)法壓(ya)球、焦炭豎窯(yao)煅燒工藝

該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝生產合成鎂(mei)(mei)鈣砂是以輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白云(yun)(yun)石和輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化鎂(mei)(mei)為(wei)(wei)原料。將輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白云(yun)(yun)石和輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化鎂(mei)(mei)分別磨成細粉,計量后按(an)比例加入(ru)輪碾機(ji)中(zhong)再加水(shui)混合,混好的(de)合成料在(zai)雙輥壓球(qiu)機(ji)上壓成料球(qiu),干(gan)燥后裝入(ru)以焦炭(tan)(tan)或(huo)無煙(yan)煤為(wei)(wei)燃料的(de)豎窯內煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。裝料方式(shi)是焦炭(tan)(tan)或(huo)無煙(yan)煤和料球(qiu)分層裝入(ru)。我國遼寧省生產合成鎂(mei)(mei)鈣砂的(de)企業中(zhong),大部分采用(yong)該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝。所(suo)用(yong)豎窯的(de)規格一般為(wei)(wei)3m×16m。該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝簡單,產品成本低(di),但在(zai)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)料球(qiu)和焦炭(tan)(tan)混在(zai)一起,焦炭(tan)(tan)燃燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)產生的(de)灰分有一部分混入(ru)到料球(qiu)中(zhong),增加了產品的(de)雜(za)質含量。

3、干法壓(ya)球、燃油豎窯煅燒工藝

該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)用(yong)(yong)于生產高(gao)純度(du)合(he)成鎂鈣(gai)砂(sha)(sha)。將高(gao)純度(du)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化鎂和(he)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白云(yun)石配料(liao)、混合(he)磨細后(hou),直接將干粉料(liao)送入高(gao)壓壓球機(ji)中(zhong)干壓成球,然后(hou)再(zai)送入高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)燃(ran)(ran)油(you)豎窯(yao)內(nei)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種(zhong)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)的優勢是燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)油(you)噴入到料(liao)層(ceng)(ceng)內(nei),在料(liao)層(ceng)(ceng)內(nei)部燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)高(gao),可達到1800℃以上;燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)后(hou)不產生灰分,對物料(liao)的純度(du)沒有影響。目前,國內(nei)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)生產合(he)成鎂鈣(gai)砂(sha)(sha)的企(qi)業,只(zhi)有南方一家公司。該(gai)公司燃(ran)(ran)油(you)豎窯(yao)的規格為φ1.75m×11.5m,窯(yao)的工作襯用(yong)(yong)高(gao)純度(du)堿性耐火制品砌(qi)筑,厚度(du)為350mm。工作襯于窯(yao)體鋼(gang)殼之間用(yong)(yong)輕(qing)質(zhi)保溫(wen)(wen)磚砌(qi)筑。以重柴(chai)油(you)為燃(ran)(ran)料(liao),煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)>1800℃。設(she)計(ji)(ji)4排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),上下布(bu)置,間距900mm。每排(pai)設(she)計(ji)(ji)16支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),沿(yan)圓(yuan)周均布(bu)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)無(wu)冷(leng)卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),每支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)配一臺計(ji)(ji)量泵供油(you),一次(ci)空氣由羅茨風機(ji)供應。實(shi)際生產中(zhong)使用(yong)(yong)一排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)。連續裝窯(yao)和(he)出(chu)窯(yao),全部自(zi)動化控(kong)制,生產能力。

4、干法(fa)壓球(qiu)、回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯煅燒工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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