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可克達拉合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發布日期:2022-01-21 瀏覽次數:34938

目前我國生產可克達拉合成鎂鈣砂所使用的(de)原料有(you)菱(ling)鎂(mei)石(shi)(shi)、白(bai)云石(shi)(shi)和石(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)。所采用的(de)工藝(yi)(yi)為二步煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)、入工合(he)成工藝(yi)(yi)。即先將菱(ling)鎂(mei)石(shi)(shi)、白(bai)云石(shi)(shi)和石(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)在較低(di)的(de)溫(wen)度下(xia)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao),生產出輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化鎂(mei)、輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白(bai)云石(shi)(shi)和生石(shi)(shi)灰。然后(hou)進行配料、磨(mo)細、混料、成型,最后(hou)經(jing)過高溫(wen)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)出不(bu)同牌(pai)號(hao)的(de)合(he)成鎂(mei)鈣砂。具體的(de)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)有(you)半(ban)干法壓坯、隧道窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)(yi);半(ban)干法壓球(qiu)、焦炭豎(shu)窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)(yi);干法壓球(qiu)、高溫(wen)燃油豎(shu)窯(yao)(yao)和回(hui)轉窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)。

可克達拉合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干(gan)法壓坯、隧道窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)該煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干法壓(ya)球、焦炭豎窯煅燒工藝

該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝生產(chan)合(he)(he)成鎂(mei)鈣砂是(shi)以輕燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云石和輕燒(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化鎂(mei)為原(yuan)料(liao)。將輕燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云石和輕燒(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化鎂(mei)分別磨成細粉,計量(liang)后按比例加入輪碾機中(zhong)(zhong)再加水混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he),混(hun)(hun)(hun)好的(de)合(he)(he)成料(liao)在雙(shuang)輥(gun)壓球(qiu)(qiu)機上壓成料(liao)球(qiu)(qiu),干燥后裝入以焦炭或無煙(yan)煤為燃料(liao)的(de)豎窯(yao)內煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)。裝料(liao)方式(shi)是(shi)焦炭或無煙(yan)煤和料(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)分層裝入。我國遼(liao)寧省生產(chan)合(he)(he)成鎂(mei)鈣砂的(de)企業中(zhong)(zhong),大部分采用該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝。所(suo)用豎窯(yao)的(de)規格一般為3m×16m。該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝簡(jian)單,產(chan)品成本(ben)低(di),但在煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)料(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)和焦炭混(hun)(hun)(hun)在一起,焦炭燃燒(shao)(shao)產(chan)生的(de)灰分有一部分混(hun)(hun)(hun)入到料(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)中(zhong)(zhong),增加了(le)產(chan)品的(de)雜質(zhi)含量(liang)。

3、干(gan)法壓球、燃(ran)油豎窯煅燒工藝(yi)

該煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)用(yong)(yong)于生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)高(gao)(gao)純(chun)度合成鎂(mei)(mei)鈣砂(sha)。將高(gao)(gao)純(chun)度輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化鎂(mei)(mei)和輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白云(yun)石(shi)配(pei)料(liao)(liao)、混合磨(mo)細后(hou),直接將干粉(fen)料(liao)(liao)送入高(gao)(gao)壓壓球(qiu)(qiu)機中(zhong)干壓成球(qiu)(qiu),然后(hou)再送入高(gao)(gao)溫燃(ran)(ran)(ran)油(you)(you)豎(shu)窯內煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)優勢(shi)是燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)油(you)(you)噴入到料(liao)(liao)層(ceng)內,在料(liao)(liao)層(ceng)內部(bu)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫度高(gao)(gao),可達(da)到1800℃以上;燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)后(hou)不產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)灰分,對物料(liao)(liao)的(de)純(chun)度沒有(you)影(ying)響。目前,國內采(cai)用(yong)(yong)該煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)合成鎂(mei)(mei)鈣砂(sha)的(de)企業,只有(you)南方一(yi)(yi)家公司。該公司燃(ran)(ran)(ran)油(you)(you)豎(shu)窯的(de)規格為φ1.75m×11.5m,窯的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作襯(chen)(chen)用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)純(chun)度堿性耐火制品砌(qi)筑(zhu),厚度為350mm。工(gong)(gong)(gong)作襯(chen)(chen)于窯體鋼(gang)殼之間(jian)用(yong)(yong)輕(qing)質保溫磚砌(qi)筑(zhu)。以重(zhong)柴(chai)油(you)(you)為燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao),煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫度>1800℃。設計4排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,上下布置,間(jian)距900mm。每(mei)排(pai)設計16支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,沿(yan)圓(yuan)周(zhou)均布。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)無冷卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴,每(mei)支燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴配(pei)一(yi)(yi)臺(tai)計量(liang)泵(beng)供(gong)(gong)油(you)(you),一(yi)(yi)次(ci)空氣由(you)羅茨風機供(gong)(gong)應。實際生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴。連續裝窯和出窯,全部(bu)自(zi)動(dong)化控制,生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)能力。

4、干法壓球(qiu)、回轉窯煅(duan)燒工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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