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西城合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發(fa)布(bu)日(ri)期:2022-01-21 瀏覽次數:34933

目前我國生產西城合成鎂鈣砂所使用的(de)原料(liao)有(you)菱鎂(mei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)。所采用的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝為二步煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)、入(ru)工(gong)(gong)(gong)合成工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。即先(xian)將菱鎂(mei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)在較(jiao)低的(de)溫(wen)度下(xia)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao),生產(chan)出輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧化鎂(mei)、輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白云(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)生石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)。然后(hou)進(jin)行(xing)配料(liao)、磨細(xi)、混(hun)料(liao)、成型,最后(hou)經過高溫(wen)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao),煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)出不同牌號的(de)合成鎂(mei)鈣砂。具體(ti)的(de)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝有(you)半干(gan)法壓坯、隧道窯煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝;半干(gan)法壓球、焦炭豎窯煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝;干(gan)法壓球、高溫(wen)燃油豎窯和(he)回轉(zhuan)窯煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。

西城合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干法壓(ya)坯、隧(sui)道窯煅燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)該煅燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干(gan)法壓球、焦炭豎窯煅燒工藝

該(gai)煅燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝生產(chan)合(he)成鎂(mei)(mei)鈣砂是以輕(qing)(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白云(yun)石和輕(qing)(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)(hua)鎂(mei)(mei)為(wei)原料(liao)(liao)(liao)。將輕(qing)(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白云(yun)石和輕(qing)(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)(hua)鎂(mei)(mei)分(fen)別(bie)磨成細粉,計量(liang)后(hou)按比例加入輪碾機(ji)(ji)中再加水混(hun)合(he),混(hun)好的(de)合(he)成料(liao)(liao)(liao)在(zai)雙輥壓球(qiu)(qiu)機(ji)(ji)上(shang)壓成料(liao)(liao)(liao)球(qiu)(qiu),干燥后(hou)裝入以焦炭(tan)或無煙煤(mei)為(wei)燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)豎窯內煅燒(shao)(shao)。裝料(liao)(liao)(liao)方式是焦炭(tan)或無煙煤(mei)和料(liao)(liao)(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)分(fen)層裝入。我國遼寧省生產(chan)合(he)成鎂(mei)(mei)鈣砂的(de)企業中,大部分(fen)采用該(gai)煅燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝。所用豎窯的(de)規格一(yi)(yi)般為(wei)3m×16m。該(gai)煅燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝簡單,產(chan)品成本低,但(dan)在(zai)煅燒(shao)(shao)過程中料(liao)(liao)(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)和焦炭(tan)混(hun)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)起(qi),焦炭(tan)燃燒(shao)(shao)產(chan)生的(de)灰(hui)分(fen)有一(yi)(yi)部分(fen)混(hun)入到(dao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)中,增(zeng)加了產(chan)品的(de)雜質含(han)量(liang)。

3、干法壓球、燃(ran)油(you)豎(shu)窯煅(duan)燒工藝(yi)

該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)生產(chan)高純(chun)度(du)合(he)(he)成(cheng)鎂鈣(gai)砂。將高純(chun)度(du)輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化鎂和輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石配料(liao)(liao)(liao)、混合(he)(he)磨細后,直接(jie)將干粉料(liao)(liao)(liao)送入高壓(ya)壓(ya)球(qiu)機中干壓(ya)成(cheng)球(qiu),然(ran)后再送入高溫(wen)燃(ran)油(you)(you)豎窯內(nei)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢是燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)油(you)(you)噴入到(dao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)層內(nei),在(zai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)層內(nei)部燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)高,可達(da)到(dao)1800℃以(yi)上(shang);燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)后不產(chan)生灰分,對物料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)純(chun)度(du)沒(mei)有(you)影響(xiang)。目前,國內(nei)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)該(gai)煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)生產(chan)合(he)(he)成(cheng)鎂鈣(gai)砂的(de)(de)(de)(de)企業(ye),只(zhi)有(you)南方一(yi)家公(gong)司。該(gai)公(gong)司燃(ran)油(you)(you)豎窯的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)格為(wei)φ1.75m×11.5m,窯的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)襯(chen)用(yong)(yong)(yong)高純(chun)度(du)堿性耐火制品(pin)砌筑(zhu),厚度(du)為(wei)350mm。工(gong)作(zuo)襯(chen)于(yu)窯體鋼殼之間(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)輕(qing)質保(bao)溫(wen)磚(zhuan)砌筑(zhu)。以(yi)重柴油(you)(you)為(wei)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao),煅(duan)(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)>1800℃。設(she)(she)計4排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui),上(shang)下布置,間(jian)距900mm。每排設(she)(she)計16支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui),沿圓(yuan)周(zhou)均布。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)無冷卻(que)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui),每支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui)配一(yi)臺計量泵(beng)供油(you)(you),一(yi)次(ci)空氣由羅茨風(feng)機供應(ying)。實際生產(chan)中使用(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)(zui)。連續裝窯和出窯,全(quan)部自(zi)動化控制,生產(chan)能(neng)力。

4、干法(fa)壓(ya)球、回轉窯煅燒工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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