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黑龍江合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發(fa)布日期:2022-01-21 瀏覽次(ci)數:34573

目前我國生產黑龍江合成鎂鈣砂所使用(yong)的原料有菱鎂石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。所采用(yong)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)為二步(bu)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)、入工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)合(he)成(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。即(ji)先將(jiang)菱鎂石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在較(jiao)低(di)的溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)下輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao),生產出輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧化鎂、輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白云石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)生石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰。然后(hou)(hou)進行配料、磨細(xi)、混料、成(cheng)型(xing),最后(hou)(hou)經過高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao),煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)出不同牌號的合(he)成(cheng)鎂鈣砂(sha)。具體的煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)有半干(gan)法(fa)壓坯、隧道窯(yao)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi);半干(gan)法(fa)壓球(qiu)、焦(jiao)炭(tan)豎(shu)窯(yao)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi);干(gan)法(fa)壓球(qiu)、高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)燃油豎(shu)窯(yao)和(he)回(hui)轉窯(yao)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。

黑龍江合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干法壓坯、隧道窯煅燒工(gong)藝(yi)該煅燒工(gong)藝(yi)

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干(gan)法壓球、焦炭豎(shu)窯煅燒(shao)工藝

該煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)生產(chan)合成鎂鈣砂是(shi)以(yi)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石(shi)(shi)和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂為(wei)原(yuan)料(liao)。將輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石(shi)(shi)和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂分別(bie)磨(mo)成細粉,計(ji)量(liang)后(hou)按(an)比例(li)加(jia)(jia)入(ru)輪(lun)碾機中(zhong)(zhong)再加(jia)(jia)水混(hun)(hun)(hun)合,混(hun)(hun)(hun)好的合成料(liao)在(zai)雙輥(gun)壓球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)機上壓成料(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu),干燥后(hou)裝(zhuang)入(ru)以(yi)焦(jiao)炭(tan)或(huo)(huo)無(wu)煙煤(mei)(mei)為(wei)燃料(liao)的豎窯內煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。裝(zhuang)料(liao)方式(shi)是(shi)焦(jiao)炭(tan)或(huo)(huo)無(wu)煙煤(mei)(mei)和(he)料(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)分層裝(zhuang)入(ru)。我國遼寧省生產(chan)合成鎂鈣砂的企業中(zhong)(zhong),大部(bu)分采用(yong)該煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)。所用(yong)豎窯的規格一(yi)般為(wei)3m×16m。該煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)簡單,產(chan)品成本(ben)低,但在(zai)煅燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)過程中(zhong)(zhong)料(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)和(he)焦(jiao)炭(tan)混(hun)(hun)(hun)在(zai)一(yi)起,焦(jiao)炭(tan)燃燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)產(chan)生的灰分有一(yi)部(bu)分混(hun)(hun)(hun)入(ru)到料(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)中(zhong)(zhong),增加(jia)(jia)了產(chan)品的雜質含量(liang)。

3、干法壓球(qiu)、燃(ran)油豎窯(yao)煅(duan)燒工藝

該(gai)(gai)煅燒(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)用(yong)于(yu)生(sheng)產(chan)高(gao)純(chun)(chun)度合成鎂鈣砂。將(jiang)高(gao)純(chun)(chun)度輕燒(shao)(shao)氧化鎂和輕燒(shao)(shao)白云(yun)石配料(liao)、混合磨細后,直接將(jiang)干粉料(liao)送(song)入(ru)高(gao)壓(ya)壓(ya)球機(ji)中干壓(ya)成球,然后再(zai)送(song)入(ru)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)燃(ran)(ran)油(you)豎窯(yao)(yao)內(nei)煅燒(shao)(shao)。這種煅燒(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)的優(you)勢是燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)油(you)噴入(ru)到(dao)料(liao)層內(nei),在(zai)料(liao)層內(nei)部(bu)燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao),煅燒(shao)(shao)溫(wen)(wen)度高(gao),可達到(dao)1800℃以上;燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)后不產(chan)生(sheng)灰分,對物料(liao)的純(chun)(chun)度沒有影響。目前,國內(nei)采用(yong)該(gai)(gai)煅燒(shao)(shao)工藝(yi)(yi)生(sheng)產(chan)合成鎂鈣砂的企業(ye),只有南(nan)方一(yi)家(jia)公司(si)。該(gai)(gai)公司(si)燃(ran)(ran)油(you)豎窯(yao)(yao)的規格為(wei)φ1.75m×11.5m,窯(yao)(yao)的工作襯用(yong)高(gao)純(chun)(chun)度堿性耐火制(zhi)品砌(qi)筑(zhu),厚度為(wei)350mm。工作襯于(yu)窯(yao)(yao)體鋼(gang)殼之間用(yong)輕質保溫(wen)(wen)磚砌(qi)筑(zhu)。以重柴(chai)油(you)為(wei)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao),煅燒(shao)(shao)溫(wen)(wen)度>1800℃。設計(ji)4排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui),上下布置,間距(ju)900mm。每(mei)排(pai)設計(ji)16支燒(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui),沿圓(yuan)周均(jun)布。采用(yong)無冷卻(que)燒(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui),每(mei)支燒(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)配一(yi)臺計(ji)量泵供油(you),一(yi)次空氣由羅茨風(feng)機(ji)供應。實際生(sheng)產(chan)中使用(yong)一(yi)排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)。連續裝窯(yao)(yao)和出窯(yao)(yao),全部(bu)自動化控制(zhi),生(sheng)產(chan)能力。

4、干法壓球、回轉(zhuan)窯煅燒工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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