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肇慶合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發布日(ri)期:2022-01-21 瀏(liu)覽次數:36102

目前我國生產肇慶合成鎂鈣砂所使用的(de)原料有(you)菱(ling)鎂石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白(bai)(bai)云(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。所采用的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)為二步煅(duan)燒(shao)、入工(gong)(gong)(gong)合成工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。即(ji)先將菱(ling)鎂石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白(bai)(bai)云(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在較低(di)的(de)溫度下輕燒(shao),生(sheng)產出輕燒(shao)氧(yang)化(hua)鎂、輕燒(shao)白(bai)(bai)云(yun)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)。然(ran)后進行配料、磨細、混料、成型(xing),最(zui)后經過高溫煅(duan)燒(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)出不同牌號的(de)合成鎂鈣砂。具體的(de)煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)有(you)半(ban)干(gan)法壓坯、隧道(dao)窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi);半(ban)干(gan)法壓球、焦炭豎窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi);干(gan)法壓球、高溫燃(ran)油豎窯(yao)和回轉窯(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。

肇慶合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干法(fa)壓坯、隧道窯煅(duan)燒(shao)工藝該煅(duan)燒(shao)工藝

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干(gan)法壓球、焦炭豎窯煅(duan)燒(shao)工藝

該(gai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)生產(chan)(chan)合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣砂是(shi)以(yi)輕燒(shao)(shao)白云石和輕燒(shao)(shao)氧化鎂(mei)為原料。將輕燒(shao)(shao)白云石和輕燒(shao)(shao)氧化鎂(mei)分(fen)(fen)別磨成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)細粉(fen),計量后按比例加入(ru)輪碾機(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)再加水混(hun)合(he),混(hun)好的(de)合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)料在(zai)雙輥壓球機(ji)上壓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)料球,干燥(zao)后裝(zhuang)(zhuang)入(ru)以(yi)焦(jiao)炭或(huo)無(wu)煙(yan)煤為燃料的(de)豎(shu)窯(yao)內煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)。裝(zhuang)(zhuang)料方式(shi)是(shi)焦(jiao)炭或(huo)無(wu)煙(yan)煤和料球分(fen)(fen)層裝(zhuang)(zhuang)入(ru)。我(wo)國遼寧(ning)省生產(chan)(chan)合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎂(mei)鈣砂的(de)企業中(zhong)(zhong),大部分(fen)(fen)采用該(gai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。所用豎(shu)窯(yao)的(de)規格一(yi)般為3m×16m。該(gai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)簡(jian)單,產(chan)(chan)品(pin)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本低(di),但在(zai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)料球和焦(jiao)炭混(hun)在(zai)一(yi)起,焦(jiao)炭燃燒(shao)(shao)產(chan)(chan)生的(de)灰(hui)分(fen)(fen)有一(yi)部分(fen)(fen)混(hun)入(ru)到料球中(zhong)(zhong),增(zeng)加了(le)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)雜(za)質含量。

3、干(gan)法(fa)壓球、燃(ran)油(you)豎(shu)窯煅(duan)燒工藝

該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝用于(yu)生產高(gao)(gao)(gao)純度合成(cheng)(cheng)鎂(mei)(mei)鈣砂(sha)。將高(gao)(gao)(gao)純度輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂(mei)(mei)和輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云(yun)石配料(liao)、混合磨細后,直接將干粉料(liao)送(song)入(ru)(ru)(ru)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓壓球機(ji)中干壓成(cheng)(cheng)球,然(ran)后再送(song)入(ru)(ru)(ru)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)燃油(you)(you)豎(shu)窯(yao)內煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)。這種煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝的優勢是燃料(liao)油(you)(you)噴入(ru)(ru)(ru)到料(liao)層內,在料(liao)層內部燃燒(shao)(shao),煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度高(gao)(gao)(gao),可(ke)達到1800℃以上;燃料(liao)燃燒(shao)(shao)后不產生灰(hui)分,對物料(liao)的純度沒(mei)有影響。目前,國內采(cai)用該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝生產合成(cheng)(cheng)鎂(mei)(mei)鈣砂(sha)的企業(ye),只有南方一(yi)家公司。該公司燃油(you)(you)豎(shu)窯(yao)的規格為φ1.75m×11.5m,窯(yao)的工(gong)作襯用高(gao)(gao)(gao)純度堿性耐火制(zhi)品砌筑,厚(hou)度為350mm。工(gong)作襯于(yu)窯(yao)體鋼殼之(zhi)間(jian)用輕(qing)質保溫(wen)磚(zhuan)砌筑。以重(zhong)柴油(you)(you)為燃料(liao),煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度>1800℃。設(she)計4排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)嘴,上下布置(zhi),間(jian)距900mm。每排(pai)設(she)計16支燒(shao)(shao)嘴,沿圓周均布。采(cai)用無(wu)冷(leng)卻燒(shao)(shao)嘴,每支燒(shao)(shao)嘴配一(yi)臺計量(liang)泵供油(you)(you),一(yi)次空氣由羅茨風機(ji)供應(ying)。實際生產中使用一(yi)排(pai)燒(shao)(shao)嘴。連續裝(zhuang)窯(yao)和出窯(yao),全部自動(dong)化(hua)控制(zhi),生產能力。

4、干法壓球、回轉窯煅燒工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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