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江蘇合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發布日期:2022-01-21 瀏覽(lan)次數(shu):34605

目前我國生產江蘇合成鎂鈣砂所(suo)使用的原料有(you)菱鎂(mei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云石(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)。所(suo)采用的工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝為二步煅(duan)(duan)燒、入工(gong)(gong)(gong)合成工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。即先將(jiang)菱鎂(mei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、白云石(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰石(shi)(shi)(shi)在較低的溫度下輕燒,生產(chan)出(chu)輕燒氧化鎂(mei)、輕燒白云石(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)生石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰。然后(hou)(hou)進行配料、磨細、混料、成型,最后(hou)(hou)經過高(gao)溫煅(duan)(duan)燒,煅(duan)(duan)燒出(chu)不同牌號的合成鎂(mei)鈣砂。具體的煅(duan)(duan)燒工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝有(you)半干法壓(ya)(ya)坯、隧道窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)(duan)燒工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝;半干法壓(ya)(ya)球(qiu)、焦炭豎窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)(duan)燒工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝;干法壓(ya)(ya)球(qiu)、高(gao)溫燃油豎窯(yao)(yao)和(he)回轉(zhuan)窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)(duan)燒工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。

江蘇合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干(gan)法壓坯、隧道窯煅燒工藝(yi)該煅燒工藝(yi)

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干法壓球、焦炭豎窯煅(duan)燒工藝

該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)產合(he)成(cheng)鎂鈣(gai)砂是以(yi)(yi)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白(bai)云石和(he)(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂為(wei)原料(liao)(liao)。將輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白(bai)云石和(he)(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂分(fen)(fen)(fen)別磨成(cheng)細粉,計(ji)量后按比(bi)例(li)加入(ru)輪(lun)碾機中(zhong)(zhong)再(zai)加水混(hun)(hun)合(he),混(hun)(hun)好的(de)(de)合(he)成(cheng)料(liao)(liao)在(zai)(zai)雙輥壓球機上壓成(cheng)料(liao)(liao)球,干燥后裝(zhuang)入(ru)以(yi)(yi)焦(jiao)炭或無(wu)煙煤(mei)為(wei)燃料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)豎(shu)窯(yao)內煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)。裝(zhuang)料(liao)(liao)方式(shi)是焦(jiao)炭或無(wu)煙煤(mei)和(he)(he)料(liao)(liao)球分(fen)(fen)(fen)層裝(zhuang)入(ru)。我國遼寧省生(sheng)(sheng)產合(he)成(cheng)鎂鈣(gai)砂的(de)(de)企業中(zhong)(zhong),大(da)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)采用該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)。所用豎(shu)窯(yao)的(de)(de)規(gui)格一(yi)(yi)般為(wei)3m×16m。該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)簡單,產品成(cheng)本低,但在(zai)(zai)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)過程中(zhong)(zhong)料(liao)(liao)球和(he)(he)焦(jiao)炭混(hun)(hun)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)起,焦(jiao)炭燃燒(shao)(shao)(shao)產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)灰分(fen)(fen)(fen)有(you)一(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)混(hun)(hun)入(ru)到(dao)料(liao)(liao)球中(zhong)(zhong),增加了產品的(de)(de)雜質含量。

3、干法壓(ya)球、燃油豎窯煅燒工藝

該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)生產高(gao)純(chun)度(du)(du)(du)合成鎂鈣(gai)砂。將高(gao)純(chun)度(du)(du)(du)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)鎂和輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石配料(liao)、混(hun)合磨細后,直接將干粉料(liao)送入高(gao)壓(ya)壓(ya)球機中干壓(ya)成球,然(ran)后再送入高(gao)溫(wen)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)油豎窯(yao)內(nei)煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝的(de)優勢是燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)油噴入到料(liao)層內(nei),在料(liao)層內(nei)部(bu)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)高(gao),可達(da)到1800℃以(yi)上;燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)后不產生灰分,對(dui)物料(liao)的(de)純(chun)度(du)(du)(du)沒有影響。目前,國內(nei)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)該煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝生產合成鎂鈣(gai)砂的(de)企(qi)業,只有南方一(yi)家公司(si)。該公司(si)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)油豎窯(yao)的(de)規(gui)格為(wei)φ1.75m×11.5m,窯(yao)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)襯用(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)純(chun)度(du)(du)(du)堿(jian)性耐火制品砌筑(zhu),厚度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)350mm。工(gong)作(zuo)襯于(yu)窯(yao)體鋼殼之間(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)輕質保溫(wen)磚砌筑(zhu)。以(yi)重(zhong)柴油為(wei)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao),煅(duan)(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)>1800℃。設計(ji)4排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),上下布置,間(jian)距900mm。每排設計(ji)16支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),沿圓周均布。采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)冷卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui),每支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)配一(yi)臺計(ji)量泵供油,一(yi)次空氣由羅茨風(feng)機供應。實際(ji)生產中使用(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)。連續裝窯(yao)和出(chu)窯(yao),全部(bu)自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)控(kong)制,生產能力。

4、干法(fa)壓(ya)球、回轉窯煅燒工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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