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蘇州合成鎂鈣砂的煅燒工藝和煅燒設備

發布日期:2022-01-21 瀏覽次(ci)數:34915

目前我國生產蘇州合成鎂鈣砂所使用(yong)的(de)原料(liao)(liao)有菱鎂石、白云石和石灰石。所采用(yong)的(de)工(gong)藝為二步煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)、入工(gong)合成(cheng)工(gong)藝。即先將菱鎂石、白云石和石灰石在較低的(de)溫度下輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao),生(sheng)產出輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化鎂、輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)白云石和生(sheng)石灰。然(ran)后(hou)進(jin)行配料(liao)(liao)、磨細、混(hun)料(liao)(liao)、成(cheng)型,最后(hou)經過高溫煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)出不同牌號的(de)合成(cheng)鎂鈣砂。具體的(de)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝有半(ban)干(gan)(gan)法壓坯、隧(sui)道窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝;半(ban)干(gan)(gan)法壓球、焦炭豎窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝;干(gan)(gan)法壓球、高溫燃油豎窯(yao)(yao)和回(hui)轉窯(yao)(yao)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝。

蘇州合成鎂鈣砂.jpg

1、半干法壓坯、隧(sui)道窯煅燒工藝該煅燒工藝

生產合成鎂鈣砂是以生石灰和輕燒氧化鎂為原料。首先將生石灰加水消化成消石灰,然后將消石灰與輕燒氧化鎂配料,經過攪拌混合,入筒磨機內共同磨細、均化,再將磨細的合成料在輪碾機內加水混合成半干料,在摩擦壓力機上壓成具有一定外形尺寸的磚坯,經過干燥,裝于隧道窯車上,推入隧道窯內高溫煅燒成合成鎂鈣砂熟料。我國某公司煅燒合成鎂鈣砂使用的隧道窯規格為104.5m×2.0m×1.2m,共52個車位,以熱發生爐煤氣為燃料,設12對套管式煤氣燒嘴,煅燒溫度1620~1650℃,年產量1.5萬t。以隧道窯作為煅燒設備煅燒溫度均勻,保溫時間長,物料達到充分燒結。因此,可獲得高致密度的合成耐火原料。

2、半干法壓球、焦炭豎窯煅燒工(gong)藝

該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝生產(chan)(chan)合成鎂(mei)鈣(gai)砂是以輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云(yun)(yun)石和輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂(mei)為(wei)原料(liao)(liao)。將輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)白(bai)云(yun)(yun)石和輕(qing)燒(shao)(shao)氧化(hua)鎂(mei)分別磨成細粉(fen),計量(liang)后按比例(li)加入(ru)輪碾機(ji)中(zhong)再加水混合,混好的合成料(liao)(liao)在(zai)雙輥壓(ya)球(qiu)(qiu)機(ji)上壓(ya)成料(liao)(liao)球(qiu)(qiu),干燥后裝(zhuang)入(ru)以焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)或(huo)無煙煤為(wei)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)的豎窯(yao)(yao)內(nei)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)。裝(zhuang)料(liao)(liao)方(fang)式是焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)或(huo)無煙煤和料(liao)(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)分層裝(zhuang)入(ru)。我(wo)國遼寧省(sheng)生產(chan)(chan)合成鎂(mei)鈣(gai)砂的企(qi)業中(zhong),大(da)部分采用該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝。所(suo)用豎窯(yao)(yao)的規格一般(ban)為(wei)3m×16m。該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)藝簡單,產(chan)(chan)品成本低,但在(zai)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)過程中(zhong)料(liao)(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)和焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)混在(zai)一起,焦(jiao)炭(tan)(tan)燃(ran)燒(shao)(shao)產(chan)(chan)生的灰分有一部分混入(ru)到料(liao)(liao)球(qiu)(qiu)中(zhong),增加了產(chan)(chan)品的雜(za)質(zhi)含量(liang)。

3、干(gan)法壓(ya)球(qiu)、燃油豎窯煅燒工(gong)藝

該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)高(gao)純(chun)度(du)(du)合成(cheng)鎂鈣砂。將(jiang)高(gao)純(chun)度(du)(du)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)氧化鎂和(he)輕燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)白(bai)云石配料(liao)、混合磨細(xi)后,直(zhi)接將(jiang)干粉(fen)料(liao)送(song)入(ru)高(gao)壓壓球機中干壓成(cheng)球,然后再送(song)入(ru)高(gao)溫(wen)燃油(you)(you)豎窯內(nei)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)。這種煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)的(de)優(you)勢是燃料(liao)油(you)(you)噴(pen)入(ru)到(dao)料(liao)層(ceng)內(nei),在料(liao)層(ceng)內(nei)部(bu)燃燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)(du)高(gao),可達到(dao)1800℃以上(shang);燃料(liao)燃燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)后不產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)灰(hui)分,對(dui)物料(liao)的(de)純(chun)度(du)(du)沒有(you)影響。目前,國內(nei)采用(yong)(yong)該煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)合成(cheng)鎂鈣砂的(de)企業,只(zhi)有(you)南方一(yi)家公(gong)司。該公(gong)司燃油(you)(you)豎窯的(de)規格為(wei)φ1.75m×11.5m,窯的(de)工(gong)作襯用(yong)(yong)高(gao)純(chun)度(du)(du)堿性耐(nai)火制品砌筑,厚度(du)(du)為(wei)350mm。工(gong)作襯于(yu)窯體鋼殼之間(jian)用(yong)(yong)輕質(zhi)保溫(wen)磚砌筑。以重柴油(you)(you)為(wei)燃料(liao),煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)溫(wen)度(du)(du)>1800℃。設(she)計4排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui),上(shang)下布置,間(jian)距(ju)900mm。每(mei)排設(she)計16支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui),沿圓周均布。采用(yong)(yong)無冷(leng)卻燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui),每(mei)支(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)配一(yi)臺計量泵供油(you)(you),一(yi)次空氣由羅(luo)茨風(feng)機供應。實際生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)中使(shi)用(yong)(yong)一(yi)排燒(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)(shao)嘴(zui)(zui)。連續(xu)裝窯和(he)出窯,全部(bu)自動化控制,生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)能力(li)。

4、干(gan)法(fa)壓(ya)球、回轉窯煅燒工藝

目前,國內有部分企業采用高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂。其煅燒工藝為:將高純度輕燒氧化鎂和高純度輕燒白云石按比例配料后,經過攪拌昆合,磨成細粉,送入高壓壓球機中干壓成球,然后送入高溫回轉窯內煅燒。如某公司采用φ2.5m×60m超高溫回轉窯煅燒合成鎂鈣砂,以重油作燃料,采用機械霧化燒嘴,窯尾設煙氣換熱器,將一次空氣預熱到450~500℃,煅燒溫度>1850℃。煅燒CaO含量20%~30%合成鎂鈣砂,產量2~2.5t/h,油耗300kg/t。


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